Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) occurs when a special blood vessel, used to bypass the pup's lungs in the womb, fails to seal after birth. This compromises the circulation of blood through the heart. PDA is the most commonly diagnosed congenital heart defect in dogs. It occurs in many breeds and is seen more often in females.
Watch the illustration change to see how this condition affects a dog's heart.
Before birth, a special blood vessel is used to bypass the lungs of a developing pup.
Normally, this vessel will seal with the animal's first breath. But if it doesn't, it causes the equivalent of a 'short circuit' in the circulatory system which compromises the pumping ability of the heart, and leads to heart failure later in life.
Affected Breeds
Various scientific studies have shown that this problem mostly affects the following breeds: Cavalier King Charles Spaniels, German Shepherd Dogs, Toy and Miniature Poodles, Border Collies, the Bichon Frise, Maltese and Keeshond, Shetland Sheep Dogs, and Pomeranians.
A dog with PDA may appear overly quiet and inactive. During any period of excitement, it may experience shortness of breath and or collapse. Its gums may appear tinged blue, due to a lack of oxygen. The condition causes a distinctive heart murmur that can always be heard and sometimes felt.
Outlook
Patent ductus arteriosus is a relatively easy condition to diagnose, so there is a good chance that it can be spotted and treated early. The unsealed blood vessel can be closed with trad- itional surgery, or using a pioneering new keyhole technique. With successful treatment, you can expect your pet to live a full and healthy life.
